This may be too late to help you, but I asked a guru about this and received this answer:

"This is a very complex process. The student needs to understand 3D, moving 

in 3D space and work from different views. Polygons of any number of sides
are flat 2D shapes, so could create a cylinder of pentagons placed in a
Front view by rotating copies from a Top view. However, to create a globe
with 2D pentagons, he would have to know how to define an ACS for each row
so he could change the angle  with every row.

Another way to do it right is working with surfaces. The pentagon would be
curved as he placed them one row at a time with each row reducing the number
of pentagons around the perimeter so it closes on the top. If he did one
quarter of the globe, he could rotate copies to close 1/2 of the globe. Then
he could mirror the top/bottom half.

There is no simple way of writing out some steps as it would take some time.